Penggunaan Model Teoretis dalam Penelitian Kompetensi Sosial pada Anak Prasekolah: Sebuah Scoping Review

Widyastuti Widyastuti, Nurul Hartini

Abstract


Kompetensi sosial pada anak prasekolah menjadi penting karena pada masa ini akan menentukan perkembangan kompetensi sosial pada tahun-tahun berikutnya. Diperlukan pengetahuan berbasis literatur empiris tentang model teoretis pada penelitian-penelitian kompetensi sosial pada anak prasekolah. Untuk itu, tinjauan sistematis dilakukan pada penelitian ini untuk menemukan model teoretis yang telah digunakan dalam literatur empiris. Pencarian literatur dilakukan di basis data Web of Science, Scopus, dan Science Direct tanpa batasan tahun publikasi. Sebanyak 3,379 publikasi diperoleh melalui pencarian dengan kata kunci yang ditetapkan berbasis PICO, yaitu anak prasekolah, model teoretis, dan kompetensi sosial. Hasilnya terdapat 10 publikasi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi diantaranya merupakan penelitian empiris, berfokus pada kompetensi sosial, dan memiliki partisipan anak prasekolah. Berdasarkan temuan ini, model yang paling banyak digunakan adalah Model Ekologi dari Brofenbrenner (1986) yang digunakan dalam 3 penelitian. Sementara model lain yang digunakan dalam penelitian-penelitian kompetensi sosial pada anak prasekolah adalah Model Social (2 publikasi), Model Prisma (2 publikasi), Model Tripartite (1 publikasi), Model ekologi dari pengasuhan-bersama (1 publikasi, dan Model Nordic (1 publikasi). Model-model teoretis ini dapat dijadikan rujukan dalam penelitian-penelitian maupun dalam pengembangan intervensi kompetensi sosial pada anak prasekolah

Keywords


Anak Prasekolah; Kompetensi Sosial; Scoping Review

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References


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