The Role of Knowledge, Family Support, Lifestyle, and Medication Adherence in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing public health issue worldwide, with rising prevalence and complications. This study aimed to explore the role of knowledge, family support, lifestyle, and medication adherence in managing type 2 DM, focusing on patients with and without complications at RSUD Selasih, Pelalawan Regency.

Method: A qualitative approach with a case study design was used. The main informants were patients with type 2 DM, both with and without complications, and the supporting informants were their family members. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews, observation, and document review. Triangulation of sources, methods, and data ensured validity, and qualitative analysis was carried out through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion.

Results: Most informants showed good knowledge of type 2 DM. Family support played a significant role in encouraging healthy lifestyle choices and regular medication. However, patients with complications demonstrated inconsistencies in medication adherence and managing diet and stress.

Conclusion: Improving patient knowledge, strengthening family support, and promoting consistent lifestyle changes are crucial in managing type 2 DM. Holistic interventions, such as education and community-based programs, can help enhance adherence and reduce complications