Type Cold Chain Management of DPT Vaccine in Healthcare Facilities in Indonesia: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: The immunization program is a vital societal intervention in preventing infectious diseases, including through the DPT vaccine (Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus). Although coverage of the DPT vaccine in Indonesia reached around 80% in 2020, significant variation in various areas and incidents of plague diphtheria in 2017 showed the need for more attention on vaccine management. The effectiveness of vaccines depends highly on the management of the cold chain, including storage and transportation at safe temperatures. However, challenges like lack of training of health workers and inadequate infrastructure often result in damaged vaccines. Therefore, the evaluation management cold chain of the DPT vaccine at the health facility is significant for increasing coverage and maintaining the effectiveness of the vaccine.

Method: Systematic Review, which follows guidelines Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), was conducted, including 8 of 132 relevant articles obtained using the Publish or Perish tool.

Results: Evaluation shows that management and storage of vaccines still face challenges, including empty stock, temperature storage that is not stable, and lack of training for health workers. Second, the transportation procedure and vaccine distribution are often inadequate, and many health centres do not correctly apply FIFO and FEFO principles.

Conclusion: It is crucial to strengthen the management chain through more training for health workers and implementing standard strict operations to increase the effectiveness and coverage of vaccines in the community.

Keywords: Cold chain; Evaluation;DPT Vaccine; Healthcare